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CONTROL METHODS FOR UPPER EXTREMITY PROSTHESES

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The paper deals with upper extremity prostheses control methods analysis. We consider prostheses control peculiarities for three main levels of amputation (prostheses for hand and fingers amputation, forearm amputation or forearm disarticulation, shoulder amputation or shoulder disarticulation). It is shown how amputation level is connected with used prosthesis control methods. The most perspective control methods for hand and fingers prostheses are the ones with extended feedback and adaptivity. It is beneficial to use neurointerfaces and muscle synergy phenomenon in control methods for forearm prostheses. Non-invasive and intuitive control methods are considered to be the most effective for shoulder prostheses. In spite of a great variety of modern technological achievements, the question of full recovery for all upper extremity functions remains open. A number of still unsolved problems, concerning the development of upper extremity prostheses control systems, is outlined: organization of extended “human – prosthesis”feedback, an effective control of multiple degrees of freedom, and simultaneous usage of the useful signal sources of different origins.

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